Speech Recognition Essay - 2594 Words

Speech Recognition Nowadays, computer systems play a major role in our lives. They are used everywhere beginning with homes, offices, restaurants, gas stations, and so on. Nonetheless, for some, computers still represent the machine they will never know how to use. Communicating with a computer is done using a keyboard or a mouse, devices many people are not comfortable using. Speech recognition solves this problem and destroys the boundaries between humans and computers. Using a computer will be as easy as talking with your friend. Unfortunately, scientists have discovered that implementing a perfect speech recognition system is no easy task. This report will present the principles and the major approaches to speech†¦show more content†¦Increasing the number of words isn’t enough because the speech recognition system is unable to differentiate words like ‘to’ and ‘two’ or ‘right’ and ‘write’ (6 ,p.98). Use of Grammar Using grammar, differentiating words like ‘to’ and ‘two’ or ‘right’ and ‘write’ is possible. Grammar is also used to speed up a speech recognition system by narrowing the range of the search (6,p.98). Grammar also increases the performance of a speech recognition system by eliminating inappropriate word sequencing. However, grammar doesn’t allow random dictation which is a problem for some applications (6, p.98). Continuous vs. Discrete Speech When speaking to each other, we don’t pause between words. In other words, we use continuous speech. However, for speech recognition systems, there is difficulty in dealing with continuous speech (6, p.98). The easy way out will be using discrete speech where we pause between words (6, p.100). With discrete speech input, the silent gap between words is used to determine the boundary of the word, whereas in continuous speech, the speech recognition system must separate words using an algorithm which is not a hundred per cent accurate. Still, for a small vocabulary and using grammar, continuous speech recognition systems are available. They are reliable and do not require great computational power (6, p.100). However, forShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Speech : Automatic Speech Recognition1610 Words   |  7 PagesAutomatic speech recognition is a tool that allows computers to translate spoken language into written text. This technology can assi st users in interpreting and using audio information for applications such as transcribing interviews, human-computer interactions, and many more. Speech recognition is an application the Ministry of Justice has expressed great interest in. They wish to automate the conversion of voice recordings of inmate phone conversations to text, which can then be analyzed forRead MoreArtificial Intelligence For Speech Recognition1178 Words   |  5 PagesName Magnus Oforji 1. Title Artificial Intelligence for Speech Recognition 2. Introduction: Research Context from siri to self-driven cars, artificial intelligence is on a rapid progression. While science fiction often portrays or visualises artificial intelligence as robots with human-like characteristics, artificial intelligence can encompass anything from google search algorithms to IBM Watson’s to Autonomous weapons. Artificial astuteness (AI) for verbalization apperception involves two fundamentalRead MoreArtificial Intelligence for Speech Recognition1676 Words   |  7 PagesARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR SPEECH RECOGNITION THE FUTURE OF HUMAN EVOLUTION ABSTRACT: When you dial the telephone number of a big company, you are likely to hear the sonorous voice of a cultured lady who responds to your call with great courtesy saying â€Å"welcome to company X. Please give me the extension number you want† .You pronounces the extension number, your name, and the name of the person you want to contact. If the called person accepts the call, the connection is given quickly. This isRead MoreSample Extraction Technique Is Necessary For Various Other Form Of The Latest Speech And Speaker Recognition System Essay1986 Words   |  8 PagesMel cepstral feature extraction technique is required in some or the other form in most of the latest speech and speaker recognition system. Here, first samples of speech are splitted into overlapping frames. Generally the length of frame is 25 ms and frame rate is 10 ms. Each and every frames are refined by pre-emphasis filter which amplifies higher frequencies. Next is to apply windowing so that Fou rier spectrum for each windowing frame is achieved here Hamming window is used. To obtain vectorRead MoreSpeech Recognition : A Gift Of The Advancement981 Words   |  4 PagesSpeech Recognition feature is a gift of the advancement in technology in the modern world. Through this technology, you can easily dictate your thoughts anywhere, by just speaking. The voice to text translation software will convert the voice, acoustic signals into the text message, thus offer the facility and reliability to the person using it. The person using voice to text translation feature has to just speak and the software will catch the sound and enter it as text on the computer. This willRead MoreA Voice Guidance System For Autonomous Robots1741 Words   |  7 Pagesand voice recognition software that can recognize a limited number of voice patterns. The commands of autonomous robots are classified and are organized such that one voice recognition software can distinguish robot commands under each d irectory. Thus, the proposed system can distinguish more voice commands than one voice recognition processor can. I. INTRODUCTION This Project Describe a robot that can be operated by voice commands given from user. The project use speech recognition system forRead More Voice Recognition Systems Essay1798 Words   |  8 PagesVoice Recognition Systems At the beginning of the Twenty-First century we are experiencing an informational revolution. The whole business world is changing as a result of new technology, including new ways of entering data into computer systems. Gone are the days of spending long hours in front of a computer typing word processing documents and emails or punching numbers into a phone. Voice recognitions systems are at the forefront of data-entry technology. Through voice recognitionRead MoreDesign Architecture For A Multimodal System Based On Complex Event Processing1513 Words   |  7 Pagescomputer interaction. Natural languages and gestures are used, while speech output allows the system to query the user on ambiguous input. Bolt’s System is primarily a voice-interactive system, with gesture and visual feedback as ancillary input and output channels. The essence of the interaction is maintaining an intelligent conversation with the computer, where the intelligence is directed towa rd understanding both the user s speech and the task he/she wishes to accomplish. Put that there SystemRead MoreICT and People with Special Needs Essay1361 Words   |  6 Pagesthings. Blind people can also use a special keyboard called the Braille keyboard to put data in to the computer. Sensory impairment also includes people who are deaf and people who lack clear speech. There is technology to help them e.g. spell checkers, Touch screens, Speech recognition systems, predictive word processors and an overlay keyboard. There are also people with physical disability. A physical disability affects the person’s mobility. Voice activated systems areRead MoreThe Evidence For Top Down Influences On Spoken Word Recognition1999 Words   |  8 PagesDiscuss the evidence for top-down influences on spoken word recognition. What is the best way of accounting for these effects? Introduction One fundamental issue in the study of spoken word recognition is concerned with how and when bottom-up information (i.e., raw acoustic input) is integrated with top-down knowledge (i.e., lexical, morpho-syntactic and semantic information) when processing speech, if at all. Interactive accounts, represented by the TRACE model, acknowledge top-down flow of

Sorrowful Women and a Story of an Hour - 842 Words

The traditional outlook on life has dissipated in modern years. Men were usually the ones who worked to support the family and maintained a steady income to make the family financially stable. On the contrary, women were expected to raise the children, prepare meals and keep a tidy house. For most, this was the ideal life style that worked effectively. Throughout Gail Godwins short story, A Sorrowful Woman, the character is a component of a troubled family. Furthermore in the short story, The Story of an Hour written by Kate Chopin, the protagonist, Mrs. Mallard is notified with information that is life altering. A characters motivation drives a story towards the authors intended theme through the actions taken and emotions†¦show more content†¦As her husband came home, it is no wonder that she had a heart attack. It was stated that she already had heart problems. It is ironic that she begins these plans in her head for a life without her husband, when she in reality is the one who dies and whose life is cut short. These two stories show how the traditional lifestyle of woman has changed over the course of time. They both show how troubles within the family can create problem even if it is a tragic event that sparks these troubles. In the story A Sorrowful Woman the reader will certainly notice how she has created the troubles depicted from the family vantage point. This idea of how lifestyles have changed is perpetuated by the story The story of an Hour by Kate Chopin. This shows how a life altering event has changed the mindset of a woman who was rather traditional in thoughts regarding marriage and life with her husband. In conclusion, these main characters actions and emotions are supportive of the authors intentions and thus the theme of theShow MoreRelatedThe Story of an Hour a Sorrowful Woman1398 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"A Sorrowful Woman† â€Å"The Story of an Hour† The sadness and unhappiness displayed by both of the married women in â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman† and â€Å"The Story of an Hour† shows that marriage does not always bring the typical ending of most fairy tales. Thus being living happily ever after. It is evident that both of these women feel trapped in their marriages as many people feel today. Growing up with eight sisters I have also seen this feeling of entrapment in the world as well. In both of these storiesRead More Essay on Social Expectations in Story of an Hour and Sorrowful Woman1387 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Expectations and Marriage  in The Story of an Hour and A Sorrowful Woman      Ã‚  Ã‚   Marriage does not always bring people happiness they expect.   A number of people feel trapped in their own marriages.   Mrs. Mallard in Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The Story of an Hour† and the unnamed protagonist in Gail Godwin’s â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman† are among those who experience such unfortunate.   Only one hour in her marriage did Mrs. Mallard feel really happy; that was, bizarrely, when she was told about her husband’sRead MoreSorrowful Woman vs. Story of an Hour805 Words   |  4 PagesEffect of Irony In â€Å"Story of an Hour† â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman† A life as a wife and/or a mother, is usually appreciated and is a happy life as well. A relationship between two people should consist of joy, commitment, responsibility, and most importantly love. For the two main characters in both stories ( â€Å"The Story of An Hour†, and â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman† ) this was not the case. The stories go against societies view with marriage roles and happiness. In â€Å"The Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin, theRead MoreA Sorrowful Woman By Gail Godwin Essay1645 Words   |  7 Pages A Sorrowful Woman While reading many kinds of literature about women s rights and suffrages. One of them is call â€Å"The Sorrowful Woman†. The story is a mournful story presenting the readers the heart of a woman sometimes in the 1970s. The author who wrote the story named Gail Godwin portrays a woman character in a way that shows us how women feel towards marriage and motherhood. The story sets in a home in which the typical mother has to take care of her house, husband, and child. She has toRead MoreEssay on Housewives and Prisioners: Chopin, Colette, Godwin915 Words   |  4 PagesHousewives and Prisoners in their World All three writings, â€Å"The Story of an Hour,† â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman† and â€Å"The Hand† portray the long led belief that women are obligated to carrying the burden’s of a household. The belief that they should surrender their own desires and needs to care for the needs of their families still lingers in society today. Similarly, the women are in a marriage they will not leave, bare the burden of submission, have a love and dislike for their spouses, and desire freedomRead MoreComparison of the Story of an Hour and a Sorrowful Woman Essay697 Words   |  3 PagesThe Portrayal of the Plight of Women by the Author, In Their Particular Period of Time Kate Chopins â€Å"The Story of an Hour† and Gail Godwin’s â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman† are similar pieces of literary work. Both stories offer a revealing glimpse of extremely unhappy marriages due to being forced into stereotypical roles. Both stories portray women, who are trapped in their marriages and trapped in their socially expected matriarchal characters. They are identified by their role as a wife and motherRead MoreCompare and Contrast of â€Å"From a Secret Sorrow† and â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman†2456 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Compare and Contrast of â€Å"From a Secret Sorrow† and â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman† In the short story â€Å"From a Secret Sorrow† by Karen Van Der Zee a woman who struggles to tell her fiancà © a truth that is killing her inside. The story focuses on two main characters, Faye and Kai. Faye is a woman who thought that the world was over for her after finding out she was infertile. Faye had no idea on how to communicate such horrendous news to Kai, her fiancà ©. She was afraid that her Kai was going to leave her andRead MoreA Sorrowful Woman By Gail Godwin932 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"A Sorrowful woman† by Gail Godwin tells a short story of a woman who feels the sorrows of being a full time wife and mother and to an extent is an attack on marriage and gender roles. In this short story Gail Godwin shows how marriage does not always lead to a perfect life and I believe Godwin is allowing her audience to view marriage from a different perspective. For a long time in many societies especially in Africa and the middle east where the common stereotype for women, which is also a lifeRead MoreSorrowful Woman Essay1811 Words   |  8 PagesSorrowful Woman 1. FIRST RESPONSE. How did you respond to the excerpt from A SECRET SORROW and to â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman†? Do you like one more than the other? Is one of the women – Faye or Godwin’s unnamed wife – more likable than the other? Why do you think you respond the way you do to the characters and the stories – is your response intellectual, emotional, a result of authorial intent, a mix of these, or something else entirely? Both writings were very well written and very enjoyable to readRead MoreThe Awakening By Katherine O Flaherty1266 Words   |  6 Pagesdecade she produced a substantial body work, including the story collection Bayou Folk (1894) and A Night in Acadie (1897) and the classic novella The Awakening (1899), which was greeted with a storm of criticism for its frank treatment of female sexuality† (Mays 439). â€Å"The story of an Hour† was written on April 19, 1894, and first published in Vogue on December 6, 1894, under the title â€Å"The Dream of an Hour,† one of nineteen Kate Chopin stories that Vogue published. It was reprinted in St. Louis Life

Strength Based Family Assessment †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Strength Based Family Assessment. Answer: Introduction: The holistic attribute of nursing influences the nurses to develop a group of competencies to practice effectively within the society. One of these competencies of the nurses is to do a complete assessment on family strength. The nurses would have to familiarize with family strength, so that the nurses can include the family into the formal caregiving process. It is known to everyone that the family values and ability have an effect to the individuals. This effect can be either positive or negative. The family strength based research enables the nurses to know the attributes in which the family is doing well. The research also highlights the facts where they can do well. This holistic approach of the nurses to help the families to identify their strength helps the families to increase the resilience. When the nurses develops a framework to assess the family strength; the assessment helps the nurses to enhance the area of the caregiving and helps them to move beyond their own culture (Dunst, Trivette, and Deal 1994). The nurses follow a guide to assess the family strength. The nurses generally try to listen to the family and ask them about their family values and rules. By knowing their story, the nurse can observe the strength and weakness of the family and what challenges the family faces in their daily life. The assessment guide have eight different attribute to assess the strength. These attributes are family togetherness, shared activities, support, affection, commitment, acceptance and resilience (Gottlieb 2012). By identifying the strength of the family, the nurses may inform the family members about the value of each member of the family hereby increasing the unity between them. The strengthening of relationship between the family members renews the commitment of them towards each other so that they can stay together in health and sickness. As the family renews their commitment towards each other, the mutual trust between them strengthens. The family strength assessment also has some clinical implications. When a nurse assesses the family strength, she must have incorporated the findings into the nursing care of the particular patient. By doing the assessment, the nurse may offer counseling to the family members to help them strengthen their coping mechanism to effectively deal with stress. This assessment helps the nurses to understand the spiritual perspective of the family, which helps the nurses to take care of the particular patient. The nurse can also counsel the family to make them understand the benefit of the enjoyable time they would spend together in illness. The nurses can also encourage the family to stay close together and celebrate every occasion together (Dunst, Trivette, and Deal 1994). Dear friend, I strongly agree with your opinion about FSA (Family strength Assessment). You have mentioned about the importance of FSA is your reply. You have mentioned that it is necessary job for the nurses. I think that, you are right about that. The nurses, who want to promote family health, can achieve it by the nursing strategy based on family strength. This approach believes that every family has something strong about them, which can be used on a health promotion activity. You are right that, this type of activity is useful for the promotion of health and resilience. Every family has a variety of strong points and the nurses can learn about these varieties and can teach the families to learn from it. This would make the caregiving approach based on the family strength assessment an extremely unique approach for each family. The approach of utilizing the strengths is the baseline of promoting Family strength assessment (Smith and Ford 2013). For the welfare of society, it is very important for the nursing student to know about the family welfare framework. The nursing student who are the future of nursing, have to know about the role of the family in their job. As in nursing, knowing about the patients background is important. The nurses have to treat the patient as an individual and for doing that, assessment of the patients and their family is necessary (Wright and Leahey 2012). It helps the nurses to create a proper treatment plan and evaluate the strategies to do the care management. The exact same framework can be used to do the strength assessment for the family. The framework is applied through the interview method and this interview helps the nurses to formulate the intervention, incorporating the family strength into the plan of care. I believe that the FSA approach is a complete guidance for the nurses who want to understand the recent problems in the health system and identify the needs of the family. This approach of FSA will help the nurses in their clinical practice. I believe in your opinion that identifying these strong points about the families are only the base of FSA approach. The nurses have to work on that base to build up a process to increase the residence, which is the ultimate goal of the FSA approach. The nurses have to gather out all the information to combine it with the health promotion activities. The nurse will also have to encourage the families to build up the strength, without this, a mere assessment and plan would be futile. The nurses have to strengthen the family connection by helping the members to remind their common connections. This will definitely build the resilience. I hereby, agree with your opinion about FSA believe that FSA is the most desirable approach for promoting the fami ly health. Reference: Dunst, C.J., Trivette, C.M. and Deal, A.G., 1994.Supporting strengthening families: methods, strategies and practices(Vol. 1). Brookline Books. Gottlieb, L.N., 2012.Strengths-based nursing care: Health and healing for person and family. Springer Publishing Company. Smith, L. and Ford, K., 2013. Communication with children, young people and familiesa family strengths-based approach.Child, Youth and Family Health: Strengthening Communities, p.91. Wright, L.M. and Leahey, M., 2012.Nurses and families: A guide to family assessment and intervention. FA Davis.

Two Activities for Motor Skills

Table of Contents Motor skills Games Drawing Language development Puzzles Matching games References Motor skills A two year old child requires assistance in all aspects. These include body movement and language development. Body movement all any kind of movement that the child learns is referred to as motor skills. As indicated, motor skills refer to movement of muscles and this may be categorized as either gross or fine motor skills.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Two Activities for Motor Skills specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Gross motors skills in a two year old child generally refers to the general movement of body muscles, while fine motor skills are masterly skills required by a child in aspect such as writing or drawing objects using a pen. According to Charlesworth (2010), the following two activities can be used by the child’s parent to improve the child’s motor skills. Gam es Games have continually been used to engage two year olds in coordinated movement. Soft games such as touching body parts can help a child learn how to balance body parts. For example, a child may learn how to stand on one leg. Another aspect of coordinating body movement in a child is through closing one eye, touching the nose and such. A two year child can also be introduced into games that require jumping and hopping. In general, games help a child to develop other important skills. For example, a scrabble game can help children start learning about animals, animal names and language comprehension. Drawing By using drawing activities, a two year old child learns the skills of using hands and eyes in a well coordinated manner. For example, a parent can let the child use tracing lines to draw an object. The perfection of this activity by the child shows that the child-eye coordination is developing. Nonetheless, this skill is also critical in helping a child learn how to read. Th is is possible, since the child can observe and comprehend the meaning of a shape and trace the pen along the lines to draw a shape. Language development Providing a two year old with language development skills is essential in growth and development of a child. The following activities can be used in fostering language development skills in a two year old child.Advertising Looking for critical writing on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Puzzles A parent can construct puzzles or buy puzzles with bright colors. Bright colors are attractive to young children, and conversing with them while working on puzzles can be playful. For example, a parent can ask a few questions that are direct and expect the child to answer. However, such questions should be based on the puzzle colors, design and shapes. A puzzle is also essential in promoting fine motor skills in the child, since a lot of coordination between the hand a nd the eyes is involved. In this process, children are able to name shapes of animals and object in the puzzle and even tell imaginary stories on the same. Matching games Matching games activities involves the use of pictures and objects that are brightly colored. Nonetheless, such matching games should be simple and easy to understand by children. Most importantly, the use of matching games should also involve the parent in instructing the child in various tasks on the matching game. In this process, fine motor skills are also developed as the parent assists the child in hand and eye coordination tasks. In the process, children also develop cognitive skills by narrating and recalling the last time they saw such pictures or objects. References Charlesworth, R. (2010). Understanding child development. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning. Chesebrough, E. (2004). A blueprint for the promotion of pro-social behavior in early childhood. New York, NY: Springer. This critical writing on Two Activities for Motor Skills was written and submitted by user Isai Hardin to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Micro Lan Unknown Bacteria Salmonella Essays

Micro Lan Unknown Bacteria Salmonella Essays Micro Lan Unknown Bacteria Salmonella Essay Micro Lan Unknown Bacteria Salmonella Essay Title: â€Å"Identification of Unknown #1† Purpose:Discovering and studying new bacteria can lead to new innovations and possible cures for existing or future diseases. The investigation of bacteria can also help incubate ourselves or act quickly in response to an invasive strain. The commercial food industry has a great need in identifying Salmonella to prevent disease in consumers. As well as being the cause of enteric (typhoid) fever, an important infectious disease, Salmonella is perhaps best known as a cause of bacterial food poisoning. Although typhoid fever has been largely eradicated in the developed world, Salmonella food poisoning has long been, and continues to be, an important global public health problem. In much of Europe and North America, Campylobacter is now the most frequent cause of foodborne human infections, but Salmonella remains a very important and widespread pathogen. It is a major cause of concern for the food industry, where its control is vital for products ranging from cooked meats to chocolate and from fresh produce to peanut butter. Given the long history of foodborne salmonellosis, it is not surprising that the need for microbiological testing of food ingredients and food products is very significant. A substantial number of methods, both traditional and rapid, have been developed over the years for the detection and identification of Salmonella. Salmonella, a small, gram-negative bacillus, are relatively resistant to stomach acids. Feces of patients that have symptoms of food poisoning or typhoid fever are cultured for Salmonella. Often, the preliminary diagnosis is first suggested by recognition of an outbreak (multiple patients having symptoms of a disease all at about the same time and often from the same food or water source). Again, many organisms and toxins can cause food poisoning, so it is sometimes difficult to determine the outbreaks cause. Usually, the laboratory needs to be notified that S. spp. is suspected as the cause so they will choose the correct testing media (selective agar media such as SS agar plates) to distinguish Salmonella from other potential bacterial pathogens such as E. oli, Shigella strains, Staphylococcus food poisoning, or from toxins like botulism or pesticides. The majority of Salmonella isolates come from the feces of the infected person. Occasionally, Salmonella can be cultured from blood samples. Serovars are identified by serotyping (detecting bacterial proteins by using specific immunological tests). Definitive diagnosis usually requires that the bacteria be isolated and identified by these techniques. PCR tests also have been used to distinguish between bacterial strains. Treatment for food poisoning is controversial. Some doctors recommend no antibiotics since the disease is self-limited, while others suggest using antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin for 10-14 days. Some medical investigators believe antibiotics prolong the carrier state. However, patients identified as immunosuppressed should receive antibiotics; they may need to be hospitalized and have some of their care managed by an infectious disease consultant. Supportive therapy for both enteritis and enteric fevers consists mainly of preventing dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities (for example, abnormal levels of potassium and sodium ions) with fluids containing electrolytes (for example, IV fluids or oral fluids like sports drinks). Materials and Methods:See attached Results and Observations: See attached Conclusion:I am fairly confident that my unknown, number 1, is Salmonella typhimureum. All results from the vast experiments performed, with the exception of the Voges-Prosekauer during the MR-VP test, which may have been read incorrectly when I thought that the indicating result was red/brown in color, pointed me in the direction of the detection of this particular bacterium out of the fifteen possible organisms. I knew that the Methyl Red portion of the MR-VP confirmed that the pH was less than or equal to 4 making this quite an alkaline agent, and reconfirmed alkalinity with the final experiment with the use of the litmus milk broth turning blue. The Gram negative stain and rod shape eliminated six of the possibilities. The SIM (Sulfur Motility and Indole) testing proved that the organism was motile, was a gas producer, did not produce indole, and Triple Sugar Iron-Agar Slant produced a black butt and red slant indicating glucose fermentation and confirmed sulfur gas production, leaving only Proteus vulgaris as another possible outcome. Casein, gelatin, and urease testing were needed to conclude my results, as only P. vulgaris would be found to ossess the enzymes casease, gelatinase, and urease, which, none of those were found in my unknown organism. Both of the two organisms were negative to hydrolyze starch, and neither can metabolize oxygen. Most infections with Salmonella are traced back to dairy, poultry and meat products, but Salmonella can grow on just about any food. Chickens and eggs are particular high risk foods. Proper storage with the use of cool temperatures in a refrigerator, proper handling including cooking t emperatures that are hot enough to kill the bacteria are vital to prevent the disease.

The Relationship Between Terrorism And Tourism Tourism Essays

The Relationship Between Terrorism And Tourism Tourism Essays The Relationship Between Terrorism And Tourism Tourism Essay The Relationship Between Terrorism And Tourism Tourism Essay The words touristry and terrorist act exist at either terminal of a continuum of quality of life. The word touristry means populating merrily, enjoyment, and relaxation, while terrorist act means feeling of decease, devastation, frights and terrors every where. Harmonizing to Beirman ( 2003 ) , tourers are primary concerned with going to the finish fulfilling their desires with minimal complications, menaces to their safety and wellbeing , while on the other manus Gilham ( 2001 ) said, physical menace or serious perturbations to one s programs are suffer to cut down the chances of a tourer finish or tourer house . In past decennary terrorist act has really terrible impacts on the travel and touristry industry than any other industry. The chief ground of this may be because the basic aims of the terrorist groups are to distribute fright, as a consequence the basic safety and security of people threatened. Harmonizing to Abraham Maslow ( 1943 ) the Hierarchy of demands, he said tha t human nature neer satisfied when they have met their basic demands for safety and security. When they are able to fulfill their basic demands, so they attempt to fulfill their ego realization demands such as better life, travel and touristry. Harmonizing to Essner 2003 ) , the psychological impacts are plenty to hold terrible impacts on touristry. The fright of terrorist act is irrational, because in terrorist onslaught opportunities of being killed are really small and security environment has demonstrated its negative impacts on touristry in many top finishs around the universe. Three industries are dominated in twenty-first century, telecommunications, Information engineering and touristry. Harmonizing to World Tourism Organization 2008 study, touristry provides employment over 100 1000000s around the universe. Tourism is an of import economic sector for UK economic system and harmonizing to BBC 2010 study ; domestic and abroad visitants put an ?115 one million millions a twelvemonth in UK economic system. The direct part in the UK economic system was ?52 billion in term of GDP which represent 4 % of UK economic system. Tourism besides provides 1.36 million occupations in 2009 to UK work force which is 4.4 % of entire work force. UK is the universe s 6th largest international touristry finish in term on figure of tourers, but after September 11, 2001 and July 7, 2005 incidents this industry was severely affected. Harmonizing to the LCCI ( 2005 ) study, it has been estimated that the autumn in touristry could be UK touristry industry over ?300 1000000s. In this competitory age, the concern environment is altering dramatically. Terrorism is the biggest menace to touristry industry because travel is susceptible to the incidents of terrorist act. When people travel they ever avoid jeopardies, so for tourers safety is the major concern. During the past decennary particularly after September 11 2001, there are figure of events which have had important negative impacts on UK touristry. The correlativity between terrorist act and touristry is undeniable in the epoch due to industry strength and tourer topographic points are the ideal mark for terrorist to make big sum of economic and societal break in the state. In UK terrorist act can be seen in significant portion, as a consequence of this recoil to the touristry industry. There are figure of definitions of terrorist act, in the universe of Alexander et Al ( 1979 ) terrorist act is a menace or usage of enforcement and bad weather to accomplish a political end by agencies of bullying fri ght, and coercion . In the present universe context, the European Union ( 2001 ) specify the terrorist act relevant to international concern in the undermentioned words. Terrorist offenses are certain condemnable offenses set out in a list comprised mostly of serious offenses against individuals and belongings which, given their nature or context, may earnestly damage a state or an international administration where committed with the purpose of: earnestly intimidating a population ; or unduly obliging a Government or international administration to execute or abstain from executing any act ; or earnestly destabilizing or destructing the cardinal political, constitutional, economic or societal constructions of a state or an international administration . Harmonizing to U.S Department of province ( 2002 ) , terrorist select concerns ( e.g. touristry topographic points ) for onslaught comparison to other marks . The most sort of onslaught is bomb blast, although armed onslaughts and snatch are besides some sorts of terrorist onslaughts. Harmonizing to Council of Foreign Relations ( 2002 ) reported the bulk of victims in terrorist onslaught are civilians . The comparatively big figure of tourers may non fix to confront these sorts of terrorist onslaughts. However the scenario has changed as it was at the clip of terrorist onslaught in 9/11. Kunreuther et Al ( 2003 ) cited that during the yearss of terrorist onslaughts in 9/11 a common feeling came into head of people that it could be me. But with the transition of clip this may give manner to may be it will non me following clip. This sort of behavior is more common now a twenty-four hours in south Asia. But it is a common thought that it is highly easy for terrorist that to assail any where in the universe. Even in low cost and low tech onslaughts, terrorists achieve to interrupt the touristry industry. Terrorism has deep history scientific discipline the cold war but this issue become most outstanding after terrorist onslaughts in September 11 2001. This incident affected the UK and international touristry industry in assorted ways. On one manus the universe touristry industry was affected financially, the other manus it suffers due to legal and security issues. The international touristry industry between states was most earnestly affected due to security and safety concerns and legal issue. Especially UK, US and other developed states were irresistible impulse to protect their district and people at any cost. Tourism industry in UK and USA found themselves staggering financially in the months after the terrorist onslaught on universe Trade Centre, while remainder of the universe touristry industry besides lost 1000000s of dollars. Harmonizing to U.S section of province ( 2002 ) more than 3000 people of different nationalities were killed in the terrorist attacks merely in the Uni ted States in September 11, 2001. The onslaughts were the conspicuous illustration of terrorist act on planetary degree. Harmonizing to the overview of European committee ( 2001 ) this was the one of the major event in the yesteryear decennaries which diversifies the point of view and mentality of people around the universe. Terrorism affects both the long term and short term positions of the concerns around the universe. Czinkota ( 2002 ) cited that terrorist act influenced long term karma of full industries, for illustration touristry, retailing and fabrication industries. After the September 11 terrorist onslaughts many international tourer finishs have severely affected lawfully because states have introduced new Torahs for alien tourers e.g. rigorous visas demands, security cheque and condemnable record cheque etc. UK authorities besides introduced rigorous in-migration jurisprudence for every one who wishes to come UK for touristry in the attempt to forestall farther terrorist onslaughts. The new terrorist Torahs restricted the tourers for freely travel across the UK boundary lines and require by security section to maintain proper path of their activities. The anti terrorist Torahs have made really complicated for touristry industry to carry on its concern activities across the international boundary lines as a consequence many states touristry industries have financially struggled. Another major issue that affect the international touristry industry is security and authorities have to put immense sum of money to better both internal and external security. The security is most of import because terrorist mark hot musca volitanss to accomplish their marks. There is non a huge existing literature which shows the relationship between terrorist act and touristry direction theories, and the deficiency of presence of research literature is perfectly seeable on the relationship between terrorist act and touristry direction, which elaborates constructive techniques for touristry industry in the presence of phenomena of terrorist act. Terrorism has capacity to make ambiance of fright and can be intimidate industry in figure of ways. This menace of terrorist act onslaughts poses a uninterrupted ambiance of hazard for the touristry around the universe. This hazard itself creates extension for intervention of hazard in direction theories. The bulk of direction literature theories adopt term uncertainty as a factor of unpredictable environment which may act upon the public presentation of houses in certain ways. The environment effected by terrorist act besides has a factor of capriciousness in it. This survey is another effort to research and in vestigates impacts of terrorist act on the touristry industry in UK and we will besides discourse different attacks for cut downing and managing the terrorist act menaces. Research purpose and aim: Research Purpose: This purpose of this research is to analyze and research the effects of terrorist act on touristry industry in the United Kingdom after September 11 2001. The 2nd portion of my research is to critically analyze and urge the most appropriate schemes for touristry industry to cover with the terrorist menaces or size up the different strategic positions to avoid and understate the impact of terrorist act on industry. Research Aims: This research has the following single aims: Critically analyse the impact of terrorist act on single organisation and the whole market. Measure the managerial public presentation in organisations, before, during and after the occurrence of the terrorist onslaughts and in unsure environment. Research Questions: What is terrorist act and why terrorist mark concern? What are the effects of terrorist act on concern? How to development scheme for directors or follow a better attacks to cover with above mentioned issues? Abbreviation and nomenclature: Uncertainty: specifically intend the unpredictable environment ; it is unpredictable when following terrorist onslaught will happen. Hazard: average menace ; internal and external menace in concern environment which may impact the productiveness of administration.

MBA PERSONAL STATEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

MBA PERSONAL STATEMENT - Essay Example To introduce my academics and experience, I am an international student, and already possess a masters’ degree in Human Resource from the University of Derby. Presently, I work at Fidelity bank Nigeria plc, which is a financial institution in Nigeria, as the Human Resource Coordinator. I am proud to mention here that my seniors have always been very pleased with my productivity and ethical performance, and they have been rewarding me with bonuses and a myriad of benefits due to my prolific performance. I am sure that I possess that passion that is crucial for excelling in the business field. I plan to become a manager in future. I deem it important to state here that I require the MBA degree to polish my HR profession and enhance my previous educational qualification. This will help me in HR career progression in that it will enable me to go for leadership and managerial positions in reputed organizations. Having done a masters degree in HR, an MBA degree will prove to be a fruitful extension of my qualification in that I will become a competent professional in fields like talent management and development, organizational behavior, labor relations, high performance work systems, conflict resolution, training and development, and the like. I anticipate that the MBA degree will effectively complement my HR degree in my job related goals as well, as I notice that more and more HR professionals are acquiring complementary degrees to advance their career. This is because organizational expectations of an HR professional have increased. In today’s modern business world, an HR leader with multiple degrees c onveys a strong impression when he looks for a job. He is given more supervisory duties, which I am sure that I am capable of performing. Moreover, there is a personal reason as well behind my wish to attain the MBA degree. Since I have attained degree under tier four student visa rules, an MBA degree will be important for me to